• The RBI raises the benchmark rate by 50 basis points to 5.9%.

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    The RBI raises the benchmark rate by 50 basis points to 5.9%.




    Digital
    Desk: As expected, India's central bank raised the benchmark repo rate by 50
    basis points to 5.9% on Friday. The announcement was made by Reserve Bank of
    India (RBI) governor Shaktikanta Das, who warned of an "extraordinary
    global geopolitical situation."



     



    Das stated after a meeting of the
    monetary policy committee that the RBI projected the country's GDP growth on an
    inflation-adjusted basis for the fiscal year 2022-23 at 7%, down from 7.2%
    previously. GDP growth in the second quarter is expected to be 6.3%, 4.6% in
    the third quarter, and 4.6% in the fourth quarter of 2022-23.



     



    Das added that inflation is
    currently hovering around 7% and that the RBI expects it to remain elevated at
    around 6% in the second half of the fiscal year.



    Central banks in advanced and
    emerging economies are raising interest rates almost in lockstep to combat
    inflation in the face of the Ukraine conflict, rising energy prices, and
    lingering supply-chain disruptions.



     



    To reduce the money supply in the
    economy, central banks typically raise the benchmark repo rate – the interest
    rate at which commercial banks borrow money by selling their securities to the
    Reserve Bank.



     



    From the United States to Europe and
    India, countries are aggressively raising lending rates in order to limit the
    supply of cheap money and thus help to reduce inflation. However, such monetary
    tightening comes at a cost. It dampens investment, costs jobs, and slows
    growth, which is a trade-off faced by most countries, including India.



     



    "We are grateful, ever
    vigilant, ever striving," Das said, quoting Mahatma Gandhi. He warned of
    continuing inflationary pressures on Asia's third-largest economy. "The
    global geopolitical situation is putting a strain on domestic inflation."
    The acute imported inflationary pressure has subsided, but food and fuel prices
    have remained elevated."



     



    The RBI raised interest rates by 40
    basis points in an unscheduled meeting in May, 50 basis points in June, and 50
    basis points in August. One basis point is equal to one-hundredth of a
    percentage point.



     



    According to Das, there are
    "upside risks" to food prices, and cereal price pressure has spread
    from wheat to rice, while lower pulse sowing could also add pressure.
    "These risks to food inflation have negative effects on inflationary expectations,"
    he said, warning of "second-order effects," or spill-over effects.



    "India is in a better position
    than many other economies, but allowing high inflation to persist exacerbates
    second-order effects."



    The RBI governor stated that the
    overarching goal is to "maintain macroeconomic stability."



     



    On September 16, the World Bank
    predicted a 2023 recession. "Global growth is slowing sharply, and more
    slowing is likely as more countries enter a recession." "My deep
    concern is that these trends will continue, with long-term consequences that
    will be devastating for people in emerging market and developing
    economies," said World Bank Group President David Malpass in a statement.



     



    The US Federal Reserve's unyielding
    tightening of monetary policy to control inflation has boosted the value of the
    dollar and bond yields, scarring other currencies, including the rupee.



    The rupee's value has declined as
    the dollar has strengthened. The RBI has intervened in markets to support the
    national currency by selling dollars from India's forex reserves.



     



    "Reserves have fallen by 67% as
    a result of valuation changes caused by an appreciating dollar and higher bond
    yields." "Market intervention will remain prudent," Das stated.
    He implied that the RBI will be cautious about how far it will go to defend the
    rupee.



     



    On September 23, the country's
    precious foreign exchange reserves stood at $537.5 billion.



    A current account deficit (CAD) of
    2.8% of GDP in the first quarter and a trade deficit of 8.1% point to
    "weakening global growth and consequently high trade deficit,"
    according to Das.



     



    The difference between what India spends in the rest of the
    world and what it earns from the rest of the world is referred to as CAD.



    The RBI governor stated that service exports remained
    strong, increasing 35.4% between April and June, while remittances increased
    22.6%. According to him, the net surplus in services exports will help to
    offset the trade deficit.